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| Year | Name / Event | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 01-01-1857 | Tim Keefe | Tim Keefe, American baseball player (died 1933) |
| 01-05-1857 | Theo van Gogh (art dealer) | Theo van Gogh, Dutch art dealer (died 1891) |
| 02-01-1857 | M. Carey Thomas | M. Carey Thomas, American educator and activist (died 1935) |
| 02-02-1857 | Jan Drozdowski | Jan Drozdowski, Polish pianist and music teacher (died 1918) |
| 02-06-1857 | Edward Elgar | Edward Elgar, English composer and educator (died 1934) |
| 02-06-1857 | Karl Adolph Gjellerup | Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1919) |
| 03-02-1857 | Giuseppe Moretti | Giuseppe Moretti, Italian sculptor, designed the Vulcan statue (died 1935) |
| 03-11-1857 | Mikhail Alekseyev | Mikhail Alekseyev, Russian general (died 1918) |
| 03-12-1857 | Joseph Conrad | Joseph Conrad, Polish-born British novelist (died 1924) |
| 03-12-1857 | Mathilde Kralik | Mathilde Kralik, Austrian pianist and composer (died 1944) |
| 05-04-1857 | Alexander of Battenberg | Alexander of Battenberg (died 1893) |
| 05-07-1857 | Clara Zetkin | Clara Zetkin, German theorist and activist (died 1933) |
| 05-07-1857 | Julien Tiersot | Julien Tiersot, French musicologist and composer (died 1936) |
| 05-11-1857 | Ida Tarbell | Ida Tarbell, American journalist, author, reformer, and educator (died 1944) |
| 06-01-1857 | Hugh Mahon | Hugh Mahon, Irish-Australian publisher and politician, 10th Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs (died 1931) |
| 06-01-1857 | William E. Russell (politician) | William Russell, American lawyer and politician, 37th Governor of Massachusetts (died 1896) |
| 06-04-1857 | Arthur Wesley Dow | Arthur Wesley Dow, American painter and photographer (died 1922) |
| 06-06-1857 | Aleksandr Lyapunov | Aleksandr Lyapunov, Russian mathematician and physicist (died 1918) |
| 06-09-1857 | Zelia Nuttall | Zelia Nuttall, American archeologist and historian (died 1933) |
| 07-03-1857 | Julius Wagner-Jauregg | Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1940) |
| 07-05-1857 | William A. MacCorkle | William A. MacCorkle, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of West Virginia (died 1930) |
| 08-07-1857 | Alfred Binet | Alfred Binet, French psychologist and graphologist (died 1911) |
| 08-08-1857 | Cécile Chaminade | Cécile Chaminade, French pianist and composer (died 1944) |
| 08-09-1857 | Georg Michaelis | Georg Michaelis, German academic and politician, 6th Chancellor of Germany (died 1936) |
| 11-01-1857 | Fred Archer (jockey) | Fred Archer, English jockey (died 1886) |
| 11-11-1857 | Janet Erskine Stuart | Janet Erskine Stuart, English nun and educator (died 1914) |
| 12-02-1857 | Eugène Atget | Eugène Atget, French photographer (died 1927) |
| 12-02-1857 | Bobby Peel | Bobby Peel, English cricketer and coach (died 1943) |
| 12-03-1857 | William V. Ranous | William V. Ranous, American actor and director (died 1915) |
| 12-06-1857 | Maurice Perrault | Maurice Perrault, Canadian architect, engineer, and politician, 15th Mayor of Longueuil (died 1909) |
| 12-07-1857 | George E. Ohr | George E. Ohr, American potter (died 1918) |
| 12-08-1857 | Ernestine von Kirchsberg | Ernestine von Kirchsberg, Austrian painter and educator (died 1924) |
| 12-09-1857 | Manuel Espinosa Batista | Manuel Espinosa Batista, Colombian pharmacist and politician (died 1919) |
| 13-03-1857 | B. H. Roberts | B. H. Roberts, English-American historian and politician (died 1933) |
| 13-05-1857 | Ronald Ross | Ronald Ross, Indian-English physician and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1932) |
| 13-09-1857 | Michał Drzymała | Michał Drzymała, Polish rebel and activist (died 1937) |
| 13-09-1857 | Milton S. Hershey | Milton S. Hershey, American businessman, founded The Hershey Company (died 1945) |
| 14-04-1857 | Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom | Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (died 1944) |
| 14-09-1857 | Julia Platt | Julia Platt, American embryologist and politician (died 1935) |
| 15-03-1857 | Christian Michelsen | Christian Michelsen, Norwegian businessman and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Norway (died 1925) |
| 15-05-1857 | Williamina Fleming | Williamina Fleming, Scottish-American astronomer and academic (died 1911) |
| 15-08-1857 | Albert Ballin | Albert Ballin, German businessman (died 1918) |
| 15-09-1857 | William Howard Taft | William Howard Taft, American lawyer, jurist, and politician, 27th President of the United States (died 1930) |
| 15-09-1857 | Anna Winlock | Anna Winlock, American astronomer and academic (died 1904) |
| 16-03-1857 | Charles Firth (historian) | Charles Harding Firth, English historian (died 1936) |
| 16-06-1857 | Arthur Arz von Straußenburg | Arthur Arz von Straußenburg, Austrian-Hungarian general (died 1935) |
| 17-01-1857 | Wilhelm Kienzl | Wilhelm Kienzl, Austrian pianist, composer, and conductor (died 1941) |
| 17-01-1857 | Eugene Augustin Lauste | Eugene Augustin Lauste, French-American engineer (died 1935) |
| 17-09-1857 | Konstantin Tsiolkovsky | Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Russian scientist and engineer (died 1935) |
| 17-11-1857 | Joseph Babinski | Joseph Babinski, French neurologist and academic (died 1932) |
| 18-03-1857 | Harriet Converse Moody | Harriet Converse Moody, American businesswoman and arts patron (died 1932) |
| 18-04-1857 | Clarence Darrow | Clarence Darrow, American lawyer (died 1938) |
| 18-06-1857 | Henry Clay Folger | Henry Clay Folger, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Folger Shakespeare Library (died 1930) |
| 18-08-1857 | Libert H. Boeynaems | Libert H. Boeynaems, Belgian-American bishop and missionary (died 1926) |
| 18-09-1857 | John Hessin Clarke | John Hessin Clarke, American lawyer and judge (died 1945) |
| 19-05-1857 | John Jacob Abel | John Jacob Abel, American biochemist and pharmacologist (died 1938) |
| 20-02-1857 | A. P. Lucas | A. P. Lucas, English cricketer (died 1923) |
| 20-08-1857 | George Griffith | George Griffith, British writer (died 1906) |
| 20-11-1857 | Helena Westermarck | Helena Westermarck, Finnish artist and writer (died 1938) |
| 21-03-1857 | Alice Henry | Alice Henry, Australian journalist and activist (died 1943) |
| 21-06-1857 | Charles Alderton | Charles Alderton, American pharmacist, founded Dr. Pepper (died 1941) |
| 21-12-1857 | Joseph Carruthers | Joseph Carruthers, Australian politician, 16th Premier of New South Wales (died 1932) |
| 22-02-1857 | Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell | Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, English general, co-founded The Scout Association (died 1941) |
| 22-02-1857 | Heinrich Hertz | Heinrich Hertz, German physicist, philosopher, and academic (died 1894) |
| 22-03-1857 | Paul Doumer | Paul Doumer, French mathematician, journalist, and politician, 14th President of France (died 1932) |
| 22-08-1857 | Ned Hanlon (baseball) | Ned Hanlon, American baseball player and manager (died 1937) |
| 22-11-1857 | George Gissing | George Gissing, English novelist (died 1903) |
| 23-01-1857 | Andrija Mohorovičić | Andrija Mohorovičić, Croatian meteorologist and seismologist (died 1936) |
| 23-04-1857 | Ruggero Leoncavallo | Ruggero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (died 1919) |
| 23-10-1857 | Juan Luna | Juan Luna, Filipino painter and sculptor (died 1899) |
| 24-02-1857 | Emma Ann Browne | Emma Ann Browne,British-born Australian philanthropist (died 1941) |
| 24-07-1857 | Henrik Pontoppidan | Henrik Pontoppidan, Danish journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1943) |
| 24-07-1857 | Juan Vicente Gómez | Juan Vicente Gómez, Venezuelan general and politician, 27th President of Venezuela (died 1935) |
| 24-10-1857 | Ned Williamson | Ned Williamson, American baseball player (died 1894) |
| 24-11-1857 | Miklós Kovács (poet) | Miklós Kovács, Hungarian-Slovene poet and songwriter (died 1937) |
| 25-02-1857 | Robert Bond | Robert Bond, Canadian politician; first Prime Minister of Newfoundland (died 1927) |
| 25-07-1857 | Frank J. Sprague | Frank J. Sprague, American naval officer and inventor (died 1934) |
| 26-02-1857 | Émile Coué | Émile Coué, French psychologist and pharmacist (died 1926) |
| 26-03-1857 | Théodore Tuffier | Théodore Tuffier, French surgeon (died 1929) |
| 26-11-1857 | Ferdinand de Saussure | Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist and author (died 1913) |
| 27-03-1857 | Karl Pearson | Karl Pearson, English mathematician, eugenicist, and academic (died 1936) |
| 27-04-1857 | Theodor Kittelsen | Theodor Kittelsen, Norwegian painter and illustrator (died 1914) |
| 27-05-1857 | Theodor Curtius | Theodor Curtius, German chemist (died 1928) |
| 27-07-1857 | José Celso Barbosa | José Celso Barbosa, Puerto Rican physician, sociologist, and politician (died 1921) |
| 27-07-1857 | E. A. Wallis Budge | Ernest Alfred Thompson Wallis Budge, English Egyptologist, Orientalist, and philologist (died 1934) |
| 27-11-1857 | Charles Scott Sherrington | Charles Scott Sherrington, English physiologist, bacteriologist, and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1952) |
| 28-07-1857 | Ballington Booth | Ballington Booth, English-American activist, co-founded Volunteers of America (died 1940) |
| 28-11-1857 | Alfonso XII | Alfonso XII of Spain (died 1885) |
| 29-08-1857 | Sandford Schultz | Sandford Schultz, English cricketer (died 1937) |
| 29-11-1857 | Theodor Escherich | Theodor Escherich, German-Austrian pediatrician and academic (died 1911) |
| 29-12-1857 | Sydney Young (chemist) | Sydney Young, English chemist (died 1937) |
| 30-03-1857 | Léon Charles Thévenin | Léon Charles Thévenin, French engineer (died 1926) |
| 30-04-1857 | Eugen Bleuler | Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist (died 1940) |
| 30-04-1857 | Walter Simon (philanthropist) | Walter Simon, German banker and philanthropist (died 1920) |
| 30-07-1857 | Thorstein Veblen | Thorstein Veblen, American economist and sociologist (died 1929) |
| 30-10-1857 | Georges Gilles de la Tourette | Georges Gilles de la Tourette, French-Swiss physician and neurologist (died 1904) |
| 30-11-1857 | Bobby Abel | Bobby Abel, English cricketer (died 1936) |
| 30-12-1857 | Sylvio Lazzari | Sylvio Lazzari, French-Austrian composer (died 1944) |
| 31-05-1857 | Pope Pius XI | Pope Pius XI (died 1939) |
| 31-12-1857 | King Kelly | King Kelly, American baseball player and manager (died 1894) |
