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| Year | Name / Event | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 03-12-1904 | Moons of Jupiter | The Jovian moon Himalia is discovered by Charles Dillon Perrine at California's Lick Observatory. |
| 04-04-1904 | 1904 Kresna earthquakes | Two Ms ~7.1 earthquakes, among the largest in Europe, strike Bulgaria, killing over 200 people and causing destruction. |
| 04-05-1904 | Panama Canal | The United States begins construction of the Panama Canal. |
| 05-05-1904 | Pitcher | Pitching against the Philadelphia Athletics at the Huntington Avenue Grounds, Cy Young of the Boston Americans throws the first perfect game in the modern era of baseball. |
| 06-03-1904 | Scottish National Antarctic Expedition | Scottish National Antarctic Expedition: Led by William Speirs Bruce, the Antarctic region of Coats Land was discovered from the Scotia. |
| 06-12-1904 | Theodore Roosevelt | Theodore Roosevelt articulated his "Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the U.S. would intervene in the Western Hemisphere should Latin American governments prove incapable or unstable. |
| 07-01-1904 | Distress signal | The distress signal "CQD" is established only to be replaced two years later by "SOS". |
| 07-02-1904 | Great Baltimore Fire | The Great Baltimore Fire begins in Baltimore, Maryland; it destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours. |
| 07-12-1904 | Warship | Comparative fuel trials begin between warships HMS Spiteful and HMS Peterel: Spiteful was the first warship powered solely by fuel oil, and the trials led to the obsolescence of coal in ships of the Royal Navy. |
| 08-02-1904 | Empire of Japan | Japanese forces launch a surprise attack against Russian-controlled Port Arthur, marking the start of the Russo-Japanese war. |
| 08-02-1904 | Royal Netherlands East Indies Army | The Dutch Colonial Army's Marechaussee regiment led by General G.C.E. van Daalen launch a military campaign in the Dutch East Indies' Northern Sumatra region, leading to the deaths of thousands of civilians. |
| 08-04-1904 | French Third Republic | The French Third Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland sign the Entente cordiale. |
| 09-02-1904 | Russo-Japanese War | Russo-Japanese War: Battle of Port Arthur concludes. |
| 10-05-1904 | Horch | The Horch & Cir. Motorwagenwerke AG is founded. It would eventually become the Audi company. |
| 10-08-1904 | Russo-Japanese War | Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of the Yellow Sea between the Russian and Japanese battleship fleets takes place. |
| 15-06-1904 | PS General Slocum | A fire aboard the steamboat SS General Slocum in New York City's East River kills 1,000. |
| 16-06-1904 | Eugen Schauman | Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolay Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland. |
| 16-06-1904 | James Joyce | Irish author James Joyce begins a relationship with Nora Barnacle and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel Ulysses; this date is now traditionally called "Bloomsday". |
| 16-11-1904 | John Ambrose Fleming | English engineer John Ambrose Fleming receives a patent for the thermionic valve (vacuum tube). |
| 17-01-1904 | Anton Chekhov | Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard receives its premiere performance at the Moscow Art Theatre. |
| 20-10-1904 | Treaty of Peace and Friendship (1904) | Chile and Bolivia sign the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, delimiting the border between the two countries. |
| 21-05-1904 | FIFA | The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) is founded in Paris. |
| 21-07-1904 | Louis Rigolly | Louis Rigolly, a Frenchman, becomes the first man to break the 100 mph (161 km/h) barrier on land. He drove a 15-liter Gobron-Brillié in Ostend, Belgium. |
| 22-02-1904 | South Orkney Islands | The United Kingdom sells a meteorological station on the South Orkney Islands to Argentina; the islands are subsequently claimed by the United Kingdom in 1908. |
| 23-01-1904 | Ålesund fire | Ålesund Fire: The Norwegian coastal town Ålesund is devastated by fire, leaving 10,000 people homeless and one person dead. Kaiser Wilhelm II funds the rebuilding of the town in Jugendstil style. |
| 23-08-1904 | Snow chains | The automobile tire chain is patented. |
| 25-08-1904 | Russo-Japanese War | Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Liaoyang begins. |
| 28-06-1904 | SS Norge | The SS Norge runs aground on Hasselwood Rock in the North Atlantic 430 kilometres (270 mi) northwest of Ireland. More than 635 people die during the sinking. |
| 31-07-1904 | Russo-Japanese War | Russo-Japanese War: Battle of Hsimucheng: Units of the Imperial Japanese Army defeat units of the Imperial Russian Army in a strategic confrontation. |
